Evenements

Deux jeunes soudanais prouvent que la cause environnementale peut dépasser les barrières politiques à l’Assemblée générale des Nations Unies. New York, NY – Le 8 juin Lors de la Journée Mondiale des Océans ce jeudi 08 Juin, deux enfants soudanais venant d’une petite communauté de pécheurs du bord de la Mer Rouge joignent leur voix à d’autres enfants de la Planète pour demander aux leaders mondiaux de sauver les océans pour les générations futures. Ce sont de jeunes ambassadeurs choisis par leur communauté se trouvant dans site déclaré le 17 juillet 2016 par l’Unesco au patrimoine mondial naturel marin pour sa « valeur universelle exceptionnelle ». Le site couvre une zone allant du parc national de Sanganeb à celui de Dungonab et de l’Île de Mukkawar. C’est le premier site à obtenir ce classement dans l’ensemble de la Mer Rouge.

20 years! Twenty years ago, Captain Cousteau set sail to explore new shores. Today is not a time to mark a ceremony for what was the saddest day of my life, but instead to pay tribute to this wonderful man. Twenty years ago our two teenage children saw their father, the magician who illuminated their childhood, disappear. That day millions of people realized that a long absence was taking hold, a great void, one of those moments that leaves the planet orphaned. For twenty years, through the difficulties we have had no choice but to pull through, the Cousteau team patiently built a body of work aiming toward a future true to the travail of its founder Jacques-Yves Cousteau. I had the joy and luck to spend 20 years by his side, sharing his life through it’s enchantments but also its most difficult tests.

On June 8th 2017, World Oceans Day, his Serene Highness Prince Albert II of Monaco was the first to sign #MyOceanPledge. The pledge was launched by children who come from over 12 UNESCO marine World Heritage Sites in front of 40 Heads of State during a high-level event at the United Nations General Assembly in New York, organized by the UNESCO World Heritage Marine Programme.

 UNDP honour Jacques-Yves Cousteau’s memory and announce plans to work with the Cousteau Society to help achieve Sustainable Development Goal 14 (SDG 14), which aims to “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development“. Full article on the UNDP website: Honouring the memory of Jacques Cousteau. Follow The Cousteau Society: Facebook @CousteauGlobal Twitter @CousteauTCS 

 To answer this question, Cousteau supported a Training Workshop about Sustainable Tourism, which was held on March 20th-23rd 2016 at the El Khabeer International Conference Hall of The Red Sea University in Port Sudan, Red Sea State of Sudan. The Red Sea was explored by Cousteau since in 1956, during the filming of “The Silent World” (Palme d’Or at the Cannes Film Festival; Oscar in Hollywood) and “World without Sun”. In the early 2004, the Cousteau vessel Alcyone anchored on the atoll of Shaab Rumi for an expedition in Sudan, which provided the opportunity to revisit sites where, 50 years earlier, Cousteau had passed through. In 2007, Cousteau has gathered a multidisciplinary team of scientists to carry out the most comprehensive survey of the Sudanese coast and underwater environment ever to be attempted in this region. From there the Society have been supporting and promoting projetcs of sustainable development to follow the Cousteau’s legacy. The workshop, as one of these projects, had its opening ceremony chaired by the Representative of the Wali and Minister of Ficance as well as by The Red Sea University Vice Chancellor and by The Red Sea University Faculty of Marine Science & Fisheries Dean. The Head of the Department of Biological Oceanography Faculty of Marine Sciences & Fisheries of Red Sea University was the master of ceremony.

On 25th February 2016, Cousteau and the Arab Regional Centre for World Heritage (Unesco) organised a meeting of experts convened at UNESCO Headquarters in Paris. This meeting aimed at strengthening local management capacities and scientific partnership for two marine protected areas: Sanganeb Atoll and Dungonab Bay-Mukkawar Island. Another important goal was encouraging sustainable development and ecotourism to the benefit of local communities. Moreover, the concentration of charismatic species such as manta rays, sharks, dugongs, sea turtles and coral reef ecosystems is a remarkable support to develop ecostourism and to protect its unique marine life. The meeting gathered a group of international and Sudanese experts representing the Sudanese Red Sea University, the Sudanese Wildlife Conservation General Administration, the Sudanese National Man and Biosphere (MAB) Committee, the Sudanese National Commission for UNESCO, the Regional Organization for the Conservation of the Red Sea & Gulf of Aden (PERSGA); the Sudanese NGO Sudia, The Deep Aquarium (UK), the University of Windsor (Canada) and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).  

During the COP21, IPCC and UNESCO-IHP promoted a side event to discuss the key findings of the 2014 Report on Climate Change with special session about Science and Policy dialogue and a seminar on education and climate change. The Cousteau Society was represented by Ms. Marcella Silva, Education and Communication Project Manager, who pointed out the question about the special report on ocean, in order to have the update of its current development. The Secretary of IPCC, Mr. Bruce Stewart responded saying that many countries already agree with its adoption, such themes have been discussed during the 41st IPCC session. He highlighted the importance of this report but added that for its establishment, IPCC demands more volunteer research from scientists, as a source of data. What is the importance of an IPCC Ocean special report? The IPCC (International Panel on Climate Change) is a scientific body under the auspices of the United Nations (UN). It reviews and assesses the most recent scientific, technical and socio-economic information produced worldwide relevant to providing a climate change report. The panel does not conduct any research nor does it monitor climate related data or parameters. Thousands of scientists from all over the world contribute to the work of the IPCC on a voluntary basis. The authors producing the reports are currently grouped in three working groups – Working Group I: the Physical Science Basis; Working Group II: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability; and Working Group III: Mitigation of Climate Change. The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) which increased its focus on the oceans. Because of its scientific and intergovernmental nature, the IPCC embodies a unique opportunity to provide rigorous and balanced scientific information to decision makers. The Oceans have a essential role to regulate atmospheric conditions, to stabilize global temperature, and to provide food and resources to hundreds of millions of people throughout the world. It is however heavily influenced by the rapid rise of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, putting marine ecosystems, people, and industries at risk. In the meeting in Nairobi in February 2015, Monaco presented a proposal for an IPCC special report on oceans, noting the multiple beneficiaries of such a report, including the UNFCCC, the Convention on Biological Diversity and the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. Such a report would send a strong signal regarding the importance of oceans, and should address regional aspects. Countries such as Peru, India, Malawi and Algeria supported by Madagascar, Chad, Egypt, Mali, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Spain, the Philippines, Kuwait, added proposing a special report on the link between climate change and desertification. Japan suggested specific themes that could be pursued, such as ocean acidification and sea-level rise, and highlighted the importance of education programmes on oceans, such as UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education and the World Climate Research Programme. During the Ocean Forum day in COP21, the Environment Minister of France, Ms. Segolene Royal also supported the adoption of the Special Report on Ocean. Looking forward to the COP22 in Marrakesh, the IPCC in April 2016 will have the opportunity to discuss the inclusion of a Special Report on the Ocean during the drafting period of the Evaluation Report on Climate Change AR6. Source : IISD Reporting Services, IPCC 

The 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference, COP 21 was held in Paris, France, from 30 November to 12 December 2015. The agreement approved in Paris is not yet the best achievement and it is a long way from answering all the demands. But it is definetely an important step toward a post-carbon society. We can rejoice that the 1,5°C is clearly mentioned and the target of zero emissions by the second half of the century as well. This resolution places the fossil fuel industry as part of History. We now leave the COP21, peacefully supported by civil society engagements, who care about our blue planet and who are confident that change is possible ! Is this sufficient to make a sustainable society ? Of course not ! We need to consider not only carbon footprints, but also to solve the 6th mass extinction of the species that we are causing. We need to not only allow the big players, the usual suspects, to make more money and speculate on the green and post carbon related high technologies, but to solve the dreadful problem of social inequality. The nations which have caused most of the climate problems are still promising too little to the people who suffer from climate change in developing countries. But still, despite all the challenges we still have to face, something happened in Paris during COP21 that will be part of History. The Cousteau Society walked with the civil society through the streets of Paris on the 12th of December during the final annoucement of COP21. It was great to see the beauty of diverse people, caring for our planet and for their brothers and sisters. People from the whole world, different cultures, different arguments, however the borders were vanished for a while, the Parisian streets were South American, Asian, European, African, Australian, from the Ocean, the Polar Areas and from the rain forests! And if there is hope, it is certainly promoted by those beautiful and connected hearts, who walked together side by side to create the fairer and greener society that we need.

The Cousteau Society, represented by Tarik Chekchak, takes part to an international workshop organized by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), in Dubai from the 20 to the 25 of April. The Cousteau Society goal is to describe and identify with CBD significant marine areas deserving the greatest attention of the United Nations. The workshop focus on the north-west indian ocean région and adjacent gulf areas, as the Red Sea and the Aden gulf. Dr Dirar Hassan Nasr, representative of Sudan and Tarik Chekchak, feature the importance of the Sudanese coast and the Socotra archipelago (Yemen). The CBD is one of the three international treaty signed during the Rio Summit in 1992 (Convention on Climate Change and Convention to combat desertification). The Conference of the Parties, its governing body, advances implementation through the decisions adopted at its periodic meetings. At the outcome of the tenth meeting in Nagoya, the signatory countries formulate a Strategic Plan for Biodiversity with the purpose of safeguarding biodiversity and enhance its benefits for people. Twenty objectives, so-called the Aichi Biodiversity targets, will have to be achieved by the end of 2020. To make this plan concrete, several regional workshops will be hold to draw up the inventory of ecologically or biologically significant marine areas (EBSAs).

The Cousteau Society participated in a debate about the biodiversity of Danube Delta, where the Captain Jacques Cousteau developed a deep research on the beginning of 90’s. Expedition that collaborated with the UNESCO Natural World Heritage Site implementation on 1991. On board, Jacques Cousteau traveled through Danube River from its source, the Black Forest, in Germany (1991) to the Danube delta in the border of Romania and Ukraine (1992). The two years experience provided a final recommendation report “The Danube, for whom and why? ” and the documentary “Danube” , which is divided in 4 movies about this project of Jacques Cousteau and his team:– Danube 1: Lever de Rideau– Danube 2: Le rêve de charlemagne– Danube 3: Les cris du fleuve– Danube 4: Les débordements du fleuve The recommendations include a comprehensive approach that link ecology, economy, technology and the social and political systems, which propose the communication between countries due its transboundary areas.The plans of the Cousteau Society has continued in recent years and was recognized by Bucharest in 2007 with the nomination of Francine Cousteau as “Ambassador for the Danube Delta”. During the event, the Education and Communication Project Manager, Marcella De Oliveira Pinho Silva presented parts of the documentary in a discussion among environmental stakeholders about the importance to preserve the Romanian biodiversity. 

COUSTEAU est fière d’avoir contribué au récent classement au Patrimoine Mondial de l’UNESCO d’une vaste zone comprenant deux parcs nationaux marins remarquables, ainsi que le site de Chab Rumi où le commandant Cousteau mena en 1963 sa célèbre expérience de vie sous la mer de Pré-continent II.

« Nous avons tendance à croire que les fosses océaniques sont retirés et préservées , intactes des impacts humains » Mais elles ne le sont pas. Comme l’ont démontré des chercheurs de l’université d’Aberdeen qui sont allés dans ce qui est probablement l’endroit le plus reculé de la planète et ont pourtant trouvé des traces de polluants chimiques dans les créatures qui vivent à des miles sous la surface de l’océan. Les scientifiques ont présenté des preuves de la présence de PCB ainsi que de PBDE (une autre catégorie de produits chimiques toxiques) dans les petits crustacés récoltés dans les profondeurs. Leur étude à été conduite en 2014, en utilisant des sous marins télécommandés pour échantillonner la Fosse des Mariannes et la Fosse des Kermadec (à proximité de la Nouvelle-Zélande). Ils ont trouvés d’importants niveaux des deux types de produits chimiques dans les corps d’amphipodes (petits crustacés sans coquille) recueillis à des profondeurs situées entre 7,000 et 10,000 mètres sous les vagues. En réalité les niveaux de ces produits chimiques dépassent le niveau de PBDE proche de la surface en Nouvelle-Zélande et les niveaux de PCB étaient même plus importants que ceux retrouvés dans deux des rivières les plus polluées de Chine. Les PCB sont interdits dans la plupart des pays depuis des décennies et les PBDE , utilisé dans les produits ignifuges, commencent à connaître des restrictions aussi. Les deux types de polluants sont synthétiques et appartiennent à la catégorie des POP (polluants organiques persistants) car ils ont une décomposition lente et difficile. Et , tandis que les endroits les plus profonds de nos océans sont peut-être inaccessibles pour nous, ils sont en fait des sanctuaires pour les polluants du monde. De la même manière que des millions de tonnes de plastique se sont entassées dans le vortex de déchets du Pacifique nord, des plus petits morceaux de plastique coulent jusqu’au fond des océans où ils peuvent être ingéré par la faune marine. Et du fait que ces endroits soient si profonds, toute chose qui y entre fait rarement le chemin inverse.